If you’re interested in observing wild reindeer in Iceland and go on a East Iceland Reindeer Tour, the eastern region is the place to visit, as it’s the only area where these animals reside. Reindeer were introduced to Iceland in the late 18th century and have since established themselves in East Iceland. The optimal time for sightings is during winter and spring, when herds migrate to lower valleys in search of food.

Egilsstaðir

Reindeer were introduced to Iceland in the late 18th century, brought over from Finnmark in Norway between 1771 and 1787. The initial goal was to establish reindeer herding, inspired by practices in other Nordic countries. Several groups of reindeer were released in different regions, including Reykjanes Peninsula, Skagafjörður, Húnavatnssýsla, and East Iceland. However, only the herds in East Iceland managed to adapt and thrive, as the other populations either failed to find suitable conditions or were over hunted.

The East Iceland reindeer herd endured despite challenges such as harsh winters and occasional food scarcity. By the mid-19th century, reindeer had disappeared from all other parts of the country. Over the years, their population fluctuated, but they managed to survive in the highlands and lowlands of the Eastfjords. Today, they remain wild and number between three and six thousand, depending on natural conditions and hunting quotas, which are strictly regulated to prevent overgrazing and ensure ecological balance.

Reindeer in Iceland are smaller than their mainland counterparts and have adapted well to the local environment, feeding primarily on mosses, lichens, and other vegetation. They are now a significant part of East Iceland’s wildlife, drawing tourists who come to observe them in their natural habitat. Conservation efforts aim to maintain the population while addressing challenges such as climate change and human impact, which could affect their migration patterns and food supply. Reindeer have become an enduring symbol of East Iceland’s rugged natural beauty and a reminder of the island’s connection to the Nordic world.